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ISSN: 1734-4948
Advances in Rehabilitation
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abstract:
Original article

Prevalence of sports injuries in Para Athletics throwers - a retrospective cohort study

Exal Garcia-Carrillo
1
,
Bruno Silva
2
,
Nikolaos Zaras
3
,
Jairo Azocar-Gallardo
4
,
Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
5
,
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
6

  1. Escuela de Educación Física y Deporte. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 8370993 Santiago, Chile
  2. Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal; Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Melgaço 4960-320, Portugal
  3. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 96100 Komotini, Greece
  4. Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
  5. Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
  6. Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 7591538, Chile
Advances in Rehabilitation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2024.142493
Online publish date: 2024/08/27
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Introduction
Non-disabled throwing athletes face unique challenges related to injuries and pain in the upper-body due to high demands placed on the shoulders and upper limbs. However, there is limited research on the epidemiology of sports injuries in para athletes participating in the Para Athletics throwing events. Hence, the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and types of injuries among Para Athletics throwers (PAT).

Material and methods
The main outcome was the 12-month prevalence of sports injury. Data were collected from PAT of any level, using an online questionnaire. Median, interquartile range, frequencies, percentages, and confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess data. Chi-square and the Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze differences in injury prevalence and injury onset between different sub-groups.

Results
The study included 60 PAT (70% males, 30% females) with a variety of impairments. The 12-month period prevalence of injury was 40% (n = 24; 95% CI: 27.5-53.4), with the highest prevalence observed in athletes with blindness/low vision and intellectual impairments (75%, 95% CI: 19.4-99.4). Injuries affected primarily shoulders (22.8%) and elbows (25.3%). The most common type of injuries were muscle strains (30%) and tendinopathies (25%). No significant difference were found in the proportion of injuries between sub-groups. A majority of the injuries (88.6%) occurred during training.

Conclusions
Para athletic throwers report a high prevalence of injuries in the upper extremities, highlighting the importance of tailored injury prevention programs. Mitigating the risk of injuries to the complex and vulnerable shoulder girdle is crucial in athletes already having an impairment.

keywords:

Athletic injuries, Sports injuries, Para sport, Para athletics, Sports for persons with disabilities










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25 days from submission to first decision (Median)
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